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    |In    olden                                                           |
    |times     when                                                        |
    |wishing      still                                                    |
    |helped   one,   there                                                 |
    |lived a king whose daugh-                                             |
    |ters were all beautiful; and                                          |
    |the  youngest  was  so beautiful                                      |
    |that the sun itself, which has seen                                   |
    |so  much,  was  astonished  whenever it                               |
    |shone in her face. Close by the king's cas-                           |
    |tle lay a great dark forest,  and under an old                        |
    |lime-tree in the forest was a well,  and when the                     |
    |day  was  very  warm,  the king's child went out into                 |
    |the forest and sat down by the side of  the  cool  foun-              |
    |tain;  and  when  she was bored she took a golden ball,  and          |
    |threw it up on high and caught it;  and this ball was  her  fa-       |
    |vorite plaything.                                                     |
      
       
    |                              Some   peo-                             |
    |                            ple prefer  to                            |
    |                          have   the   right                          |
    |                         edge  of  their  text                        |
    |                       look 'solid',  by setting                      |
    |                     periods,  commas,  and other                     |
    |                    punctuation marks (including in-                  |
    |                  serted hyphens)  in the  right-hand                 |
    |                margin.  For example,  this practice is               |
    |              occasionally used in contemporary advertis-             |
    |            ing.  It  is easy to get inserted hyphens into            |
    |           the margin:  We simply let the width of the  cor-          |
    |         responding  penalty  item  be zero.  And it is almost        |
    |       as easy to do the same for periods  and  other  symbols,       |
    |     by  putting  every such character in a box of width zero and     |
    |    adding the actual symbol width to the  glue  that  follows.  If   |
    |  no  break  occurs  at this glue,  the accumulated width is the same |
    |as before;  and if a break does occur,  the line will be justified  as|
    |            if the period or other symbol were not present.           |
      
      
    |                                                            That   dou-
    |                                                        ble-dot    you|
    |                                                    see   above   some|
    |                                                 letters--they're  the|
    |                                             same  thing,  right?  No!|
    |                                          Although they look the same,|
    |                                       the  two  are actually very dif-
    |                                    ferent, and not at all interchange-
    |                               able.  An  umlaut  is  used in Germanic|
    |                             languages,  and merely means that the pri-
    |                        mary vowel (a,  o,  or u) is followed by an e.|
    |                     It is a shorthand for (initially) handwriting:  ä|
    |                 is  more  or  less interchangeable with ae (not to be|
    |              confused with the æ ligature),  ö is oe (again,  not  oe|
    |           ligature),  and ü is ue.  This,  of course, changes the pro-
    |       nunciation of the vowel,  just as adding an  e  to  an  English|
    |   word (at the end) shifts the vowel sound (e.g.,  mat to mate). Some|
    |word spellings,  especially for proper names,  may prefer one  or  the|
    |other form (usually _e). Whether to use the umlaut form or the two-let-
    |ter form is usually an arbitrary  choice  in  electronic  typesetting,|
    | unless  the  chosen  font  lacks the umlaut form (as well as a combin-
    |ing "dieresis" character).  It is more common in English-language cold|


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    | metal  typesetting  to lack the umlaut form,  and require the two-let-
    | ter form.  See also thorn and "ye", where the "e" was originally writ-
    |                                ten as a superscript to the thorn (þ).|
      
      
    |                            In olden times                            |
    |                         when  wishing  still                         |
    |                       helped one,  there lived                       |
    |                     a   king   whose   daughters                     |
    |                    were  all  beautiful;  and the                    |
    |                  youngest was so beautiful that the                  |
    |                 sun itself,  which has seen so much,                 |
    |                was astonished whenever  it  shone  in                |
    |               her face. Close by the king's castle lay               |
    |               a great dark forest,  and under  an  old               |
    |              lime-tree  in  the forest was a well,  and              |
    |             when the day was very warm, the king's child             |
    |            went  out  into the forest and sat down by the            |
    |            side of the cool fountain;  and when  she  was            |
    |           bored  she  took a golden ball,  and threw it up           |
    |           on high and caught it;  and this  ball  was  her           |
    |                          favorite plaything.                         |
      
      
    |     In olden times when wishing still helped one,  there lived a king|
    |     whose daughters were all beautiful; and the youngest was so beau-|
    |     tiful  that  the sun itself,  which has seen so much,  was aston-|
    |    ished whenever it shone in her face.  Close by the king's  cas-   |
    |   tle  lay  a  great  dark forest,  and under an old lime-tree in    |
    |the forest was a well, and when the day was very warm, the king's     |
    |child  went  out  into the forest and sat down by the side of the     |
    |cool fountain;  and when she was bored she took  a  golden  ball,     |
    |and  threw  it  up on high and caught it;  and this ball              |
    |was her favorite plaything.                                           |






























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